本文主要向大家介绍了Oracle数据库之Oracle 12C R2静默安装文档，通过具体的内容向大家展现，希望对大家学习Oracle数据库有所帮助。

环境

OS:centos7

Oracle:Oracle 12.2.0.1
Hosts file

cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.0.119   centos7

安装准备

配置/etc/sysctl.conf

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file## For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).#fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.shmall = 1073741824kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104kernel.panic_on_oops = 1net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500


#使配置生效

[root@centos7 ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

配置/etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf# Default limit for number of user's processes to prevent# accidental fork bombs.# See rhbz #432903 for reasoning.*          soft    nproc     4096root       soft    nproc     unlimitedoracle   soft   nofile    1024oracle   hard   nofile    65536oracle   soft   nproc    16384oracle   hard   nproc    16384oracle   soft   stack    10240oracle   hard   stack    32768oracle   hard   memlock    134217728oracle   soft   memlock    134217728


安装一些包：

yum install -y binutils \compat-libcap1 \compat-libstdc++-33 \compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \glibc \glibc.i686 \glibc-devel \glibc-devel.i686 \ksh \libaio \libaio.i686 \libaio-devel \libaio-devel.i686 \libX11 \libX11.i686 \libXau \libXau.i686 \libXi \libXi.i686 \libXtst \libXtst.i686 \libgcc \libgcc.i686 \libstdc++ \libstdc++.i686 \libstdc++-devel \libstdc++-devel.i686 \libxcb \libxcb.i686 \make \nfs-utils \net-tools \smartmontools \sysstat \unixODBC \unixODBC-develgcc \gcc-c++ \libXext \libXext.i686 \zlib-devel \zlib-devel.i686


#创建用户和组

[root@centos7 ~]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip ^C[root@centos7 ~]# groupadd -g 54321 oinstall[root@centos7 ~]# groupadd -g 54322 dba[root@centos7 ~]# groupadd -g 54323 oper[root@centos7 ~]# useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle[root@centos7 ~]# passwd oracle


#关闭selinux和防火墙：

vim /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld




#创建目录：

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1[root@centos7 ~]#[root@centos7 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01[root@centos7 ~]# chmod 775 /u01




#配置环境变量：

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then. ~/.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programsPATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/binexport PATH# Oracle Settingsexport TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos7export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdbexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0.1/db_1export ORACLE_SID=cdbexport PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATHexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

安装

编辑应答文件：

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLYUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstallINVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventoryORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EEoracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=operoracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSEoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=cdb1oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=cdb1oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=falseDECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true


开始安装：

[oracle@centos7 database]$ ./runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install.rspStarting Oracle Universal Installer...Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 11715 MB    PassedChecking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 2047 MB    PassedPreparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-04-15_08-36-48PM. P[oracle@centos7 database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.You can find the log of this install session at:/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-04-15_08-36-48PM.logThe installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.Please check '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-04-15_08-36-48PM.log' for more details.As a root user, execute the following script(s):1. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh2. /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/root.shSuccessfully Setup Software.



执行两个脚本：

[root@centos7 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shChanging permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete.[root@centos7 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/root.shCheck /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/install/root_centos7_2017-04-15_20-56-27-813321685.log for the output of root script[root@centos7 ~]#


配置，添加监听：

[oracle@centos7 response]$ cat netca.rsp | grep -Ev "^#|^$"[GENERAL]RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="12.2"CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"[oracle.net.ca]INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""LISTENER_NUMBER=1LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}NSN_NUMBER=1NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}[oracle@centos7 response]$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/database/response/netca.rspParsing command line arguments:Parameter "silent" = trueParameter "responsefile" = /u01/database/response/netca.rspDone parsing command line arguments.Oracle Net Services Configuration:Profile configuration complete.Oracle Net Listener Startup:Running Listener Control:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENERListener Control complete.Listener started successfully.Listener configuration complete.Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0[oracle@centos7 response]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-APR-2017 21:05:32Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=centos7)(PORT=1521)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias                     LISTENERVersion                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date                15-APR-2017 21:05:24Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 8 secTrace Level               offSecurity                  ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP                      OFFListener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centos7/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centos7)(PORT=1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfully


创建数据库，修改相应文件，有些参数有默认值就不需要

[oracle@centos7 response]$ cat /home/oracle/dbca.rsp | grep -Ev '^#|^$'responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0gdbName=cdb1sid=cdb1databaseConfigType=SIRACOneNodeServiceName=policyManaged=falsecreateServerPool=falseserverPoolName=cardinality=force=falsepqPoolName=pqCardinality=createAsContainerDatabase=truenumberOfPDBs=1pdbName=cdb1pdbuseLocalUndoForPDBs=truepdbAdminPassword=nodelist=templateName=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbcsysPassword=systemPassword=serviceUserPassword=emConfiguration=emExpressPort=5500runCVUChecks=falsedbsnmpPassword=omsHost=omsPort=0emUser=emPassword=dvConfiguration=falsedvUserName=dvUserPassword=dvAccountManagerName=dvAccountManagerPassword=olsConfiguration=falsedatafileJarLocation={ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/datafileDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/recoveryAreaDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}storageType=FSdiskGroupName=asmsnmpPassword=recoveryGroupName=characterSet=AL32UTF8nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16registerWithDirService=falsedirServiceUserName=dirServicePassword=walletPassword=listeners=LISTENERvariablesFile=variables=DB_UNIQUE_NAME=cdb1,ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle,PDB_NAME=,DB_NAME=cdb1,ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1,SID=cdb1initParams=undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1,memory_target=796MB,processes=300,db_recovery_file_dest_size=2780MB,nls_language=AMERICAN,dispatchers=(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=cdb1XDB),db_recovery_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME},db_block_size=8192BYTES,diagnostic_dest={ORACLE_BASE},audit_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/adump,nls_territory=AMERICA,local_listener=LISTENER_CDB1,compatible=12.2.0,control_files=("{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl", "{ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl"),db_name=cdb1,audit_trail=db,remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE,open_cursors=300sampleSchema=falsememoryPercentage=40databaseType=MULTIPURPOSEautomaticMemoryManagement=truetotalMemory=0

 创建数据库

[oracle@centos7 response]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase  -responseFile  /home/oracle/dbca.rsp[WARNING] [DBT-06801] Specified Fast Recovery Area size (2,780 MB) is less than the recommended value.CAUSE: Fast Recovery Area size should at least be three times the database size (2,730 MB).ACTION: Specify Fast Recovery Area Size to be at least three times the database size.[WARNING] [DBT-11209] Current available physical memory is less than the required physical memory (796MB) for creating the database.Enter SYS user password:Enter SYSTEM user password:Enter PDBADMIN User Password:[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.CAUSE:a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as passwordACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.CAUSE:a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as passwordACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.CAUSE:a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as passwordACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.[WARNING] [DBT-06801] Specified Fast Recovery Area size (2,780 MB) is less than the recommended value.CAUSE: Fast Recovery Area size should at least be three times the database size (3,571 MB).ACTION: Specify Fast Recovery Area Size to be at least three times the database size.Copying database files1% complete13% complete25% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance26% complete30% complete31% complete35% complete38% complete39% complete41% completeCompleting Database Creation42% complete43% complete44% complete46% complete49% complete50% completeCreating Pluggable Databases55% complete75% completeExecuting Post Configuration Actions100% completeLook at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1/cdb1.log" for further details.

查看状态

[oracle@centos7 response]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 15 23:07:08 2017Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionSQL> select open_mode from v$database;OPEN_MODE--------------------READ WRITESQL> select status from v$instance;STATUS------------OPEN

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