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2018-09-10
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摘要：本文主要向大家介绍了Oracle数据库之Oracle RAC 更换存储实验，通过具体的内容向大家展现，希望对大家学习Oracle数据库有所帮助。
本文主要向大家介绍了Oracle数据库之Oracle RAC 更换存储实验，通过具体的内容向大家展现，希望对大家学习Oracle数据库有所帮助。
OCR和Voting Disk使用的是OCR1磁盘组，底层对应3个1G大小的共享LUN，一般冗余；
DATA使用的是DATA1磁盘组，底层对应的是3个5G大小的共享LUN，外部冗余；
FRA使用的是FRA1磁盘组，底层对应的是1个5G大小的共享LUN，外部冗余；
额外添加7个共享LUN(3个1G大小，4个5G大小)，用来模拟新的存储映射出来的共享LUN；
我这里是使用Oracle VM VirtualBox 4.3虚拟机软件模拟这个环境，默认初始的RAC环境已经安装完毕，且已经存有业务数据。对于RAC环境的安装可参考：
Linux平台 Oracle 11gR2 RAC安装Part1：准备工作
Linux平台 Oracle 11gR2 RAC安装Part2：GI安装
Linux平台 Oracle 11gR2 RAC安装Part3：DB安装
模拟的业务数据可参考 模拟业务最小测试用例01 第1～5步进行初始化。
初始的RAC环境配置信息：
#public ip
192.168.56.150 jyrac1
192.168.56.152 jyrac2
#private ip
10.10.10.11 jyrac1-priv
10.10.10.12 jyrac2-priv
#virtual ip
192.168.56.151 jyrac1-vip
192.168.56.153 jyrac2-vip
#scan ip
192.168.56.160 jyrac-scan
本次需求：更换RAC的共享存储，即把之前的存储设备划出的共享LUN上的所有数据全部迁移新的存储设备划分的LUN上。具体就涉及到OCR，voting disk迁移，DATA迁移。在我这里实验具体就是指OCR1，DATA1，FRA1磁盘组的迁移。
一、准备工作
1.1查看asm磁盘组
1.2查看asm的磁盘信息
1.3查看存储设备信息，确定新的存储
二、更换存储
2.1迁移OCR1到OCR2
2.2迁移DATA1
2.3迁移FRA1
2.4测试
一、准备工作
1.1查看asm磁盘组
select name, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, state, type, COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup;
SQL> select name, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, state, type, COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB STATE TYPE COMPATIBILITY
DATA1 15360 13502 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
FRA1 5120 4790 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
OCR1 3072 2146 MOUNTED NORMAL 11.2.0.0.0
1.2查看asm的磁盘信息
select GROUP_NUMBER, DISK_NUMBER, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, NAME, PATH from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;
SQL> set linesize 1000
SQL> r
1* select GROUP_NUMBER, DISK_NUMBER, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, NAME, PATH from v$asm_disk order by 1,2
GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER TOTAL_MB FREE_MB NAME PATH
1 0 1024 714 OCR1_0000 /dev/asm-diskb
1 1 1024 716 OCR1_0001 /dev/asm-diskc
1 2 1024 716 OCR1_0002 /dev/asm-diskd
2 0 5120 4552 DATA1_0000 /dev/asm-diske
2 1 5120 4549 DATA1_0001 /dev/asm-diskf
2 2 5120 4549 DATA1_0002 /dev/asm-diskg
3 0 5120 4790 FRA1_0000 /dev/asm-diskh
7 rows selected.
1.3查看存储设备信息，确定新的存储
这里实验环境是使用virtualbox模拟添加7个大小和之前一样的共享存储；即分别为 1G大小的3个（OCR2），5G大小的3个（DATA1），5G大小的1个（FRA1）。
NewStorage1NewStorage2NewStorage3NewStorage4NewStorage5NewStorage6NewStorage7在系统中就是/dev/sdi j k l m n o
udev绑定（两个节点root执行）
--New Shared Disks
for i in i j k l m n o;
do
echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
done
udev绑定后对应就是asm-diski,j,k,l,m,n,o
start_udev （两个节点root执行）
查看某个磁盘大小：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/asm-diski
Disk /dev/asm-diski: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
确定/dev/asm-diski，/dev/asm-diskj，/dev/asm-diskk对应的是新加的1G大小的3个盘用于创建新的OCR2
二、更换存储
2.1迁移OCR1到OCR2
2.1.1 创建新的OCR2磁盘组
su – gridsqlplus / as sysasmCREATE DISKGROUP OCR2 NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK ‘/dev/asm-diski‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskj‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskk‘ ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.asm‘=‘11.2‘;
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR2 NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK ‘/dev/asm-diski‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskj‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskk‘ ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.asm‘=‘11.2‘;
Diskgroup created.
查看两个节点是否添加了OCR2：
--节点1：
SQL> r
1* select name, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, state, type, COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup
NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB STATE TYPE COMPATIBILITY
------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA1 15360 13502 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
FRA1 5120 4790 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
OCR1 3072 2146 MOUNTED NORMAL 11.2.0.0.0
OCR2 3072 2913 MOUNTED NORMAL 11.2.0.0.0
--节点2：
SQL> select name, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, state, type, COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup
2 ;
NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB STATE TYPE COMPATIBILITY
------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA1 15360 13502 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
FRA1 5120 4790 MOUNTED EXTERN 11.2.0.0.0
OCR1 3072 2146 MOUNTED NORMAL 11.2.0.0.0
OCR2 0 0 DISMOUNTED 0.0.0.0.0
发现节点2需要手动mount新加的ASM磁盘组sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL> alter diskgroup OCR2 mount;
Diskgroup altered.
2.1.2 添加OCR信息到OCR2
more /etc/oracle/ocr.lococrconfig -add +OCR2ocrcheck -configmore /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
[root@jyrac1 ~]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
ocrconfig_loc=+OCR1
local_only=FALSE
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrconfig -add +OCR2
[root@jyrac1 ~]#
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrcheck -config
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration is :
Device/File Name : +OCR1
Device/File Name : +OCR2
[root@jyrac1 ~]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file getting replaced by device +OCR2
ocrconfig_loc=+OCR1
ocrmirrorconfig_loc=+OCR2
local_only=false
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3116
Available space (kbytes) : 259004
ID : 1718040627
Device/File Name : +OCR1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : +OCR2
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE ab583d47c34a4f0ebfd46c8b04d7332b (/dev/asm-diskb) [OCR1]
2. ONLINE 853e95652d994fe3bfdf21ca23e65dfc (/dev/asm-diskc) [OCR1]
3. ONLINE 9f712a096a7b4f9bbfd811bff6462157 (/dev/asm-diskd) [OCR1]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
2.1.3迁移VOTE DISK到新创建的ASM磁盘组OCR2上
crsctl replace votedisk +OCR2 （一个节点root执行）先查询：
SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER,NAME,STATE,type,TOTAL_MB,free_mb,VOTING_FILES,COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB VO COMPATIBILITY
------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------ ---------- ---------- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 DATA1 MOUNTED EXTERN 15360 13502 N 11.2.0.0.0
2 FRA1 MOUNTED EXTERN 5120 4790 N 11.2.0.0.0
3 OCR1 MOUNTED NORMAL 3072 2146 Y 11.2.0.0.0
4 OCR2 MOUNTED NORMAL 3072 2244 N 11.2.0.0.0
替换为新添加的OCR2：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# crsctl replace votedisk +OCR2
Successful addition of voting disk 83f3dea9f4c24fccbf05eaa163c5c087.
Successful addition of voting disk ad21c1f0452e4f4abff906127ff9fcc3.
Successful addition of voting disk 2771819c65984f85bf366e74ee85781a.
Successful deletion of voting disk ab583d47c34a4f0ebfd46c8b04d7332b.
Successful deletion of voting disk 853e95652d994fe3bfdf21ca23e65dfc.
Successful deletion of voting disk 9f712a096a7b4f9bbfd811bff6462157.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR2.
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
再查询：
SQL> r
1* select GROUP_NUMBER,NAME,STATE,type,TOTAL_MB,free_mb,VOTING_FILES,COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup
GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB VO COMPATIBILITY
------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------ ---------- ---------- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 DATA1 MOUNTED EXTERN 15360 13502 N 11.2.0.0.0
2 FRA1 MOUNTED EXTERN 5120 4790 N 11.2.0.0.0
3 OCR1 MOUNTED NORMAL 3072 2242 N 11.2.0.0.0
4 OCR2 MOUNTED NORMAL 3072 2148 Y 11.2.0.0.0
发现已经voting file已经在OCR2上，然后在两个节点root查询：ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3116
Available space (kbytes) : 259004
ID : 1718040627
Device/File Name : +OCR1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : +OCR2
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 83f3dea9f4c24fccbf05eaa163c5c087 (/dev/asm-diski) [OCR2]
2. ONLINE ad21c1f0452e4f4abff906127ff9fcc3 (/dev/asm-diskj) [OCR2]
3. ONLINE 2771819c65984f85bf366e74ee85781a (/dev/asm-diskk) [OCR2]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
[root@jyrac2 ~]# ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3116
Available space (kbytes) : 259004
ID : 1718040627
Device/File Name : +OCR1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : +OCR2
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 83f3dea9f4c24fccbf05eaa163c5c087 (/dev/asm-diski) [OCR2]
2. ONLINE ad21c1f0452e4f4abff906127ff9fcc3 (/dev/asm-diskj) [OCR2]
3. ONLINE 2771819c65984f85bf366e74ee85781a (/dev/asm-diskk) [OCR2]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
2.1.4 创建ASM实例spfile到新创建的OCR2 ASM磁盘组上
一个节点grid用户登录ASM实例执行：create pfile=‘/tmp/asmpfile.ora‘ from spfile;create spfile=‘+OCR2‘ from pfile=‘/tmp/asmpfile.ora‘;
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
spfile string +OCR1/jyrac-scan/asmparameterf
ile/registry.253.919993739
SQL> create pfile=‘/tmp/asmpfile.ora‘ from spfile;
File created.
SQL> create spfile=‘+OCR2‘ from pfile=‘/tmp/asmpfile.ora‘;
File created.
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
spfile string +OCR1/jyrac-scan/asmparameterf
ile/registry.253.919993739
2.1.5 删除OCR原位置ASM磁盘组OCR1
一个节点root执行：[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrconfig -delete +OCR1
两个节点root执行：查看OCR和VOTE新状态与位置[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrconfig -delete +OCR1
[root@jyrac1 ~]# ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3116
Available space (kbytes) : 259004
ID : 1718040627
Device/File Name : +OCR2
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 83f3dea9f4c24fccbf05eaa163c5c087 (/dev/asm-diski) [OCR2]
2. ONLINE ad21c1f0452e4f4abff906127ff9fcc3 (/dev/asm-diskj) [OCR2]
3. ONLINE 2771819c65984f85bf366e74ee85781a (/dev/asm-diskk) [OCR2]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
节点2的ocrcheck输出也没问题，略。
2.1.6 重启整个集群
两个节点root执行：crsctl stop crs && crsctl start crs
2.1.7 将旧的磁盘组drop掉
检查参数文件：
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
spfile string +OCR2/jyrac-scan/asmparameterf
ile/registry.253.920008067
检查磁盘组状态：
Select GROUP_NUMBER,NAME,STATE,type,TOTAL_MB,free_mb,VOTING_FILES,COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup;
select GROUP_NUMBER,DISK_NUMBER,STATE,REDUNDANCY,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,name,path,failgroup from v$asm_disk order by GROUP_NUMBER;
最后将旧的磁盘组mount并drop掉：alter diskgroup OCR1 mount;drop diskgroup OCR1 including contents;
SQL> alter diskgroup OCR1 mount;
Diskgroup altered.
SQL> drop diskgroup OCR1 including contents;
Diskgroup dropped.
注：旧的磁盘组只允许在一个节点mount，如果发现多个节点mount，需要在其他节点dismount，否则会删除不掉旧的磁盘组。
2.2迁移DATA1
2.2.1 数据磁盘组DATA1添加
确定/dev/asm-diskl，/dev/asm-diskm，/dev/asm-diskn对应的是新加的5G大小的3个盘用于数据磁盘组DATA1添加alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ‘/dev/asm-diskl‘ rebalance power 7;alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ‘/dev/asm-diskm‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskn‘ rebalance power 11;
SQL> alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ‘/dev/asm-diskl‘ rebalance power 7;
Diskgroup altered.
SQL> alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ‘/dev/asm-diskm‘, ‘/dev/asm-diskn‘ rebalance power 11;
Diskgroup altered.
这里说明可以单个添加，也可以多个添加。
2.2.2 查询同步状态
set linesize 200
col NAME for a10
select name,allocation_unit_size,state,type,free_mb,required_mirror_free_mb req_mi_fr_mb,usable_file_mb
from v$asm_diskgroup;
2.2.3 删除原存储的LUN
所有磁盘添加进ASM磁盘组后，删除原存储的LUN。查询LUN path与asm_disk_name的对应关系select name,path from v$asm_disk;
SQL> select name,path from v$asm_disk
NAME PATH
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/asm-diskc
/dev/asm-diskd
/dev/asm-disko
/dev/asm-diskb
OCR2_0001 /dev/asm-diskj
OCR2_0000 /dev/asm-diski
DATA1_0003 /dev/asm-diskl
DATA1_0004 /dev/asm-diskm
DATA1_0005 /dev/asm-diskn
OCR2_0002 /dev/asm-diskk
FRA1_0000 /dev/asm-diskh
DATA1_0001 /dev/asm-diskf
DATA1_0002 /dev/asm-diskg
DATA1_0000 /dev/asm-diske
14 rows selected.
确定是DATA1_0000，DATA1_0001，DATA1_0002删除磁盘组DATA1中旧存储对应的LUN：
alter diskgroup DATA1 drop disk DATA1_0000 rebalance power 7;
alter diskgroup DATA1 drop disk DATA1_0001,DATA1_0002 rebalance power 7;
2.2.4 确认存储置换完成
select disk_number,path,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk;
DISK_NUMBER PATH TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
----------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- ----------
0 /dev/asm-diskc 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskd 0 0
2 /dev/asm-disko 0 0
3 /dev/asm-diske 0 0
4 /dev/asm-diskf 0 0
5 /dev/asm-diskg 0 0
6 /dev/asm-diskb 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskj 1024 715
0 /dev/asm-diski 1024 717
3 /dev/asm-diskl 5120 4502
4 /dev/asm-diskm 5120 4499
5 /dev/asm-diskn 5120 4501
2 /dev/asm-diskk 1024 714
0 /dev/asm-diskh 5120 4790
14 rows selected.
2.3迁移FRA1
FRA1磁盘组和DATA1磁盘组的添加一样，
alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘/dev/asm-disko‘ rebalance power 7;
alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk FRA1_0000 rebalance power 7;
select disk_number,path,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk;
最后确定所有盘都置换完成：
SQL> select disk_number,path,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk;
DISK_NUMBER PATH TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
----------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- ----------
0 /dev/asm-diskc 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskd 0 0
3 /dev/asm-diske 0 0
4 /dev/asm-diskf 0 0
5 /dev/asm-diskg 0 0
6 /dev/asm-diskb 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskj 1024 715
0 /dev/asm-diski 1024 717
1 /dev/asm-disko 5120 4943
3 /dev/asm-diskl 5120 4502
4 /dev/asm-diskm 5120 4499
5 /dev/asm-diskn 5120 4501
2 /dev/asm-diskk 1024 714
0 /dev/asm-diskh 5120 4965
14 rows selected.
SQL> r
1* select disk_number,path,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk
DISK_NUMBER PATH TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
----------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- ----------
0 /dev/asm-diskc 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskd 0 0
2 /dev/asm-diskh 0 0
3 /dev/asm-diske 0 0
4 /dev/asm-diskf 0 0
5 /dev/asm-diskg 0 0
6 /dev/asm-diskb 0 0
1 /dev/asm-diskj 1024 715
0 /dev/asm-diski 1024 717
1 /dev/asm-disko 5120 4790
3 /dev/asm-diskl 5120 4502
4 /dev/asm-diskm 5120 4499
5 /dev/asm-diskn 5120 4501
2 /dev/asm-diskk 1024 714
14 rows selected.
最终确定要替换的LUN都没有数据了，主机侧就可以操作了。
2.4测试
查看集群各资源状态：
crsctl stat res -t
查看OCR信息：
ocrcheck && crsctl query css votedisk
查询ASM实例的spfile文件：
sqlplus / as sysasm <<EOF
show parameter pfile
EOF
查询之前的业务数据：
-- 业务查询SQL 1
select * from t1, t2 where t1.id = t2.t1_id and t1.n = 19;
-- 业务查询SQL 2
select * from t1, t2 where t1.id = t2.t1_id;
至此，整个RAC环境更换存储的实验就全部完成了。
本文由职坐标整理并发布，希望对同学们学习Oracle有所帮助，更多内容请关注职坐标数据库Oracle数据库频道！
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